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CIGRE Study Committee A3 “High Voltage Equipment” and B3 “Substations”
Joint Tutorial in Tokyo 28 September 2005
A-1: Statistical Analysis of Electrical Stress in Service
René
Peter Paul Smeets and Anton L.J. Janssen, The Netherlands
The presentation will cover various
aspects of electrical stresses on HV circuit breakers in service. Results
will be presented of studies of relevant HV system and fault parameters
collected with a world wide enquiry already in the nineties. New Japanese data
will be added. Based on this information, methods will be presented to
estimate the realistic electrical stresses in service, in terms of
interrupted fault current and its statistical distribution. Conclusions will
be drawn related to the need for a test program to cover these accumulated
stresses, on top of the standard IEC certification tests.
 René Peter Paul Smeets received the M.Sc. degree in physics from the Eindhoven
Univ. of Technology, the Netherlands in 1981. He obtained a
PhD. degree for research work on vacuum switchgear. Until 1995, he was an
assistant professor at Eindhoven University, dealing with
high-frequency phenomena in power engineering. During 1991 he worked with
Toshiba Corporation in Japan in the development of
vacuum interrupters. In 1995, he joined KEMA High Power Laboratories in Arnhem, The Netherlands. At
present, he manages the R&D activities of KEMA's
High Power Laboratories. In 2001, he was appointed part-time professor at Eindhoven University of Technology. He is convener of
CIGRE TFA3.01, member of CIGRE WG A3.12, WG A3.20, IEC MT32 of IEC 17A, the
“Current Zero Club”, IEEE (SM) and CIGRE. He authored more than 100
international papers on many aspects of power switching technology, and
presented many training courses all over the world.
 Anton Janssen received his M.Sc.-degree
in electrical engineering from the Eindhoven
University of Technology in 1977. After a short period in the consultancy
& contracting business, he joined PNEM, a power company in the southern
part of the Netherlands, and became manager of
the department of Transmission, later the department of Projects
(Transmission and Co-generation). In 1993 he joined KEMA and became general
manager of KEMA High-Power Laboratory. Since September 2002 he joined NUON, a
utility covering one third of the Netherlands, as Assetmanager Transmission & Subtransmission
Systems; since September 2003 also for the Gas and Electricity Distribution
Systems. Mr. Janssen is a member of CIGRE (Study
Committee A3, acting also as Special Reporter), IEEE-PES and IEC (IEC/IEEE
SC17A/WG23, IEC SC17A/WG34 and WG 29). Within CIGRE SC13, he was or still is
active as convenor of several working groups: WG 06 (Reliability of
High-Voltage Circuit-Breakers), WG 13.08 (Life Management of Circuit-Breakers)
and WG A3.13 (Changing Network Conditions and System Requirements).
A-2: Controlled Switching
Mark Waldron, United Kingdom
The
presentation will cover the basics of controlled switching including why it
is of interest and the basic requirements for the switchgear and the switched
equipment. It will provide details of the more common applications (capacitor
switching, reactor switching etc) and introduce more recent developments
(transformer switching, uprating, fault
interruption, etc). Testing requirements and the benefits of controlled
switching will also be summarized.
 Mark Waldron studied Electrical Engineering at Southampton University graduating with Honors
in 1988. He joined the research department of the Central Electricity
Generating Board (later National Grid) before moving into Transmission in
1991 specializing in specification & assessment of switchgear,
particularly circuit breakers. He has continued in related roles focusing on
switchgear policy & application until the present day. He is the UK regular member of
CIGRE Study Committee A3, convenor of WG A3.07,
member of WG A3.13 and was also a member of WG 13.04. He received the CIGRE
technical committee award and he is also active within IEC.
A-3: Progress of IEC 62271-100 Standard and Application Guide
Heinz-H. Schramm, Germany
The
presentation will review the basic changes of the standard IEC 62271-100
compared to the former IEC 60056, 4th edition, and give some background
information. The topics of the ongoing work will be presented, based on
information from IEC SC17A. The “Guide for the Application of IEC 62271-100
and IEC 62271-1 (former IEC 60694) as well as related standards and technical
reports”, which is being prepared by CIGRE WG A3.11, will be introduced and
an overview of its contents will be given.
 Heinz-H. Schramm studied Electrical
Engineering at Darmstadt Technical University and received
his degree of Doctor of Engineering from the Munich Technical University. He joined the
basic research department of Siemens in 1961, before moving to the Siemens
high voltage switchgear factory in 1965. There, he has been engaged in
switchgear development and testing up to his retirement in 2001, being
responsible for all high voltage circuit-breaker development activities for
the last 12 years. He is Professor at the Berlin Technical University and has an
Honorary Doctor degree from Plzen University, Czech Rep. He
was Chairman of IEC TC17 and IEC SC17A from 1985 to 2004 and Chairman of
CIGRE SC13 from 1990 to 1996. He is Honorary Member of CIGRE and convenor of CIGRE WG A3.11.
A-4: Fault Current Limitation
Heino Schmitt, Germany
The presentation will include an overview of the basic
possibilities to limit fault currents in electrical power systems. Based on
the results of CIGRE WG A3.10 the characterization of fault current limiters
will be presented together with state of the art and possible applications.
System requirements for fault current limiters will be explained together
with a brief introduction of testing requirements. The presentation includes
some examples of devices and prototypes which were developed in the past.
 Heino Schmitt studied Electrical Engineering at Technische
Universität Berlin graduating with honours in 1984.
Since then he has been at Siemens AG. He started in the system planning
department with main fields of interest in harmonics and AC filters and then
continued with the basic design of the first German HVDC converter station Etzenricht. These activities were followed by studies and
calculations in the field of insulation co-ordination, switching and
lightning overvoltages and surge arresters. During
that time his work included R&D activities in the field of short circuit
fault current limiters. Currently he is in the Siemens PTD HV substation
department with focus on the design and erection of wind power substations.
He is the convener of Cigre WG A3.16 and member WG
C4-01-3. He is also active within DKE and IEEE.
A-5: Metal Oxide Surge Arrester Application / Insulation Coordination
Bernhard Richter, Switzerland
The tutorial will cover the basics of Metal Oxide
(MO)-surge arrester technology, design principles, tests and concentrate on
application. It will give an overview about the application of MO-surge
arresters and insulation coordination in high voltage, medium voltage and low
voltage systems. For specific applications examples will be given. Actual
questions in the standardization work of IEC and in the working groups of Cigrè and Cired will be
addressed.
 Bernhard Richter studied Electrical Engineering at
the Technical University of Berlin, where he worked after his studies as
scientific assistant at the Institute for High Voltage Engineering. In 1985
he joined BBC, now ABB in Switzerland, where he specialized
in surge arrester development, testing and application. Today he is at ABB
Switzerland Ltd. responsible for the product management of surge arresters.
He is convener of Cigrè WG A3.17 of SC A3, and
works as expert in several working groups of IEC TC 37 (MT4, MT10) and IEC
SC37A (WG3, WG5). Further on he is convener of WG1 of TC37A of CENELEC. He is
lecturer at the University of Applied Science Zürich
A-6: Current Interruption using High
Voltage Air-Break Disconnectors
David Peelo, Canada
The free-burning electric arc was studied quite intensely
in the last part of the 19th century. The most famous of the early researchers
was Hertha Ayrton who
published her book "The Electric Arc" in 1902. The invention of the
circuit breaker around 1904 dimmed interest in free-burning arcs
and the subject languished except for some sporadic research in the first
half of the 20th century. Utilities however have a vested interest
in free-burning arcs because air-break disconnectors
are used to interrupt currents of varying magnitude with actual
practices being based more on trial-and-error than science. The
tutorial describes research done over the past five years in Canada and The Netherlands and explains the behavior of
free-burning arcs in air during the interruption of transformer magnetizing,
capacitive and loop currents using disconnectors.
Video images will be used extensively to illustrate the subject.
 David Peelo is
an electrical engineering graduate of University College Dublin. After
graduation, he worked for ASEA in Ludvika, Sweden for seven years before
joining BC Hydro in 1973. He worked for BC Hydro for 28 years rising to the
position of Specialist Engineer, Switchgear and Switching. Since 2001 he has
practiced as an independent consultant. In 2004 he was awarded a PhD degree
by the Eindhoven University of Technology for
original research on current interruption using air-break disconnectors.
He has published over 40 papers and is active in leadership roles in IEEE,
CIGRE and IEC. He is currently the Canadian Member of Cigre
Study Committee A3 and Convener of IEC Maintenance Team 32 Inductive Load
Switching.
B-1: Substation Compaction
François
Gallon, France and Tokio Yamagiwa, Japan
The presentation will cover the status of
on-going analysis combining the possible introduction of lower standard
insulation levels, together with the adequate protection provided by modern
surge arresters suitably arranged, in an attempt to reduce the overall
dimensions of AIS-type Substations. Benefits of these redesign practices can
be extended in some cases to the voltage uprating
of existing susbstations, making possible to exempt
from the obligation to build a brand new switchyard. Information on
alternative testing practices of equipment will also be commented.
 François Gallon studied Electrical Enginnering at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Arts et Métiers (Paris), graduating in 1976. He later
pursued with a PhD in Mechanics, obtained with Honors in 1983. His activitities during this period had been focused on the
development of new processes for the biomass and renewable energies. He
joined the AREVA T&D (the former division of ALSTHOM) in 1984,
specializing in assesment of HV switchgear. He has
continued in Power Electronics applications (HVDC, SVC, SCS).
He is involved in related topics focusing of integration of FACTS into Power
Systems. He is a regular Member of the CIGRE SC A3 and B3, member of the WG
A3.13 and of the WG B3.01.
 Tokio Yamagiwa
received
the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Science University
of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan in 1971 and 1991, respectively.
In 1971 he joined Hitachi Research Laboratory of
Hitachi, Ltd., where he was engaged in research on high voltage insulation of
GIS. From 1987/8 to 2002/9 he has been engaged in development of new GIS for
UHV and HVDC, and condition monitoring systems for substation equipment in Kokubu Works. Now,
he is the Senior Chief Engineer and General Manager/R&D Center of Japan
AE Power Systems Corporation* and the Registered Professional Engineer of
Japan. Dr. Yamagiwa is a member of the CIGRE WG
B3.01 and a secretary of Japan CIGRE SCB3, and also member of IEEE and IEE of
Japan.
*Japan
AE Power Systems Corporation : (From July 1st, 2001) Jointly owned by Hitachi, Ltd., Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. and Meidensha
Corporation.
B-2: SF6 Gas Handlings
Peter Glaubitz, Germany
Due to the
high quality production standard of new electric power equipment regarding
SF6 tightness, correct SF6 handling procedures are a very important topic to
control and reduce the amount of SF6 released into the atmosphere. The presentation reviews all
significant aspects in handling SF6 gas used in electric power equipment
during the whole life time. Among all, gas recovering, reclaiming and
recycling have fundamental importance in order to keep the gas always in a
closed cycle, avoiding any deliberate release and preserving the environment.
State-of-the-art procedures, equipment, tools and instruments are described
and suggested to minimize SF6 handling losses down to the minimum functional
level for the equipment. The
safety issue as well as the personal protection equipment,
instructions concerning storage and transportation as well as
responsibilities are also given.
A functional description of state-of-the-art instruments and tools
utilized for SF6 handling is also included. Furthermore background information is
given from the chemical-physical characteristics
of SF6, to the characteristics of the electric power equipment, from the environmental compatible SF6 policy to the gas
categorization and from training of personnel to safety issues when operating
with SF6 in a gas insulated substation.
 Peter Glaubitz studied Electrical Engineering at Hanover Technical University graduating with honors in 1977. He then
joined the production test field of the Siemens AG high voltage SF6-cb and
switchgear factory, before moving to the commissioning department for high
voltage SF6-switchgear and controlgear where he was
engaged in various projects worldwide. During this period he was appointed to
introduce and optimize SF6-handling procedures and SF6-handling equipment for
SF6 switchgear. This was followed by international factory operations for SF6
switchgear and head office activities as advisor for SF6-switchgear projects
and Regional Manager for high voltage SF6-switchgear projects. In 2001 he
became Technical Director Production of the Siemens high voltage
SF6-switchgear factory in Berlin.
Peter Glaubitz has continued in related
roles focusing on SF6 switchgear policy and application. He is member of the Cigré WG B3.02 SF6-substations and within there he is the
Convenor of the WG SF6. Here we are publishing at
the moment the "SF6-handling guide". "He is also active in IEC
and DKE.
B-3: Substation Automation
Frank L.
Baldinger, The Netherlands
The presentation will start with a short historical
overview of substation architectures applied over the years. Over the years
gained experiences have enabled the formation of an internationally accepted
standard for internal substation communication between intelligent electronic
devices applied in secondary system and the data model of the application
describing the secondary functionality. The abstraction of the application
model, the communication methodology and the possible architectures of the
physical devices enable all kind of product solutions while the compatibility
can be guaranteed.
Future
implementation architectures will be discussed which enable significant cost
savings despite of an enormous increase of functionality.
 Frank Baldinger studied Electrical Engineering at Technical
University of Eindhoven, NL, where he received his
masters in 1985. He joined with ASEA in Sweden at the process automation R&D
department. Thereafter he joint the substation
automation development team in the Netherlands of the newly formed ABB company. Until
2000 he was product manager SA-systems of a Dutch process automation company.
In 2000 he founded a new company together with Locamation
for the development and marketing of their own SA-products. In 2003 they
started the development of innovative new approach for MV SA-systems together
with the Dutch utility NUON.
Frank is convenor of Cigré
WG B3.05; member of IEE, IEEE & KIvI and the
Dutch national committee of IEC TC57.
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